Bibliography Essays (801 words) - Science And Technology In France

Bibliography http://hypatiamaze.org/curiforkids/curie_kids.html http://www.biography.com/people/marie-curie-9263538?page=1 Marie Curie by Vicki Cobb Marie Curie Chemistry September 17, 2012 6 th Period Marie Curie was born Maria Sklodowski November 7, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland. Marie Curie was born to both parents being school teachers that had high expectations of their five children. When Marie was nine years old, her mother died of tuberculosis. To help with the family's expenses, the Sklodowskis took in student boarders. Along with all of her brothers and sisters, Marie graduated with the highest grades in her class. However, Marie could not attend the men-only University of Warsaw. To continue her studies, Marie attended a "floating university" that held informal classes. Marie and her sister Bronya wanted to expand their knowledge and earn an official degree, but they weren't financially able to do so. The sisters worked out a deal that consisted of Marie working to support Bronya while she was in school , and then Bronya would do the same for Marie after she finished her studies. Marie worked as a tutor and governess for about five years. I n her spare time, she studied and read about chemistry, physics and math. In 1891, Marie moved to Paris and enrolled at the Sorbonne (University of Paris). Marie was dedicated to her studies; however, she had very little money and survived on bread and tea. In 1893, Marie completed her master's degree in physics and earned a degree in mathematics the next year. In the same year, Marie was asked to do a study on various types of steel and their properties. She needed a lab to work in and someone introduced her to a French physicist, Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre were a brilliant pair that soon developed feelings for one another. The two scientists were both dedicated and devoted to working together and discovering new things. Marie was interested in the work of a French physicist, Henri Becquerel, who discovered X-rays. Marie began her own experiments with uranium rays and discovered that the rays remain constant no matter what condition or form uranium is in. She theorized that the rays came from the element's atomic structure. Marie named the phenomena radioactivity. In 1897, Marie and Pierre had a daughter, Irene. However, the birth of their first child did not slow down their studies. In fact, Pierre put aside his own studies to help Marie with her experimenting with radioactivity. In 1898, the two discovered a new radioactive element that they named polonium. Marie got the name from her native country, Poland. They also found another radioactive material in th e pitchblende, and they named it radium. In 1903, Marie was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize in physics. She won this honor along with Pierre and her idol Henri Becquerel for their work on radioactivity. Because of their win, the Curies developed an international reputation for their discoveries, and they used the prize money to continue their research. In 1904, their second daughter, Eve, was born. In 1906, Marie and her two daughters suffered the loss of Pierre after he accidentally stepped in front of a horse-drawn wagon. After his death, Marie took over Pierre's teaching job at the Sorbonne. Once again, Marie made history by being the university's first female professor. In 1911, Marie won her second Nobel Prize, in chemistry, for her discovery of radium and polonium. Marie also became the first scientist to win two Nobel Prizes. When World War 1 started in 1914, Marie focused her time to helping the cause; she improved the use of the portable X-ray machine. After the war, Marie traveled to the United State s to raise funds to buy radium and establish a research institute in Warsaw. Marie's long years of working with radioactive materials took a toll on her health. On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died at Sancellemoz Sanatorium in Passy, France of aplastic anemia. This was caused by the exposure of radiation. Marie Curie is the most famous scientist of all time and has won numerous honors. In 1995, Marie and her husband Pierre's remains were interred in the Pantheon in Paris (the final resting place of many of France's greatest scientists). Marie Curie became the first